Probing Molecular-Scale Catalytic Interactions between Oxygen and Cobalt Phthalocyanine Using Tip-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy. The newly synthesized compounds (BS, BS-1, BS-1-CN), copper(II), manganese(III), phthalocyanines (BS-1-Cu, BS-1-Mn) and their water soluble derivatives (BS-1-CuQ, BS-1-MnQ) were characterized by standard methods.All steps of the synthetic procedures were given in Figs. Phthalocyanines are structurally related to other tetrapyrrole macrocyles including porphyrins and porphyrazines. 4a bottom panel). this website, certain cookies have already been set, which you may delete and Journal of Porphyrins and Phthalocyanines , 19 , 261-, Copyright 2023 StudeerSnel B.V., Keizersgracht 424, 1016 GC Amsterdam, KVK: 56829787, BTW: NL852321363B01, Energy-transfer studies on phthalocyanineBODIPY light, harvesting pentad by laser flash photolysis, Journal of, A molecular pentad, comprised of zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPc) with four boron dipyrromethene units (BODIPY) have been, examined by femtosecond and nanosecond laser flash photolysis to explore its photoinduced intramolecular events from the, excited BODIPY. PubMed Central The Journal of Physical Chemistry B Please join us and our customer and co-sponsor. To compare the effect of humidity on electrical and optical conductivities, we extracted optical conductivity (op) from SPE spectra using the imaginary dielectric constant (2) by \(\,{\sigma }_{{\rm{op}}}={{\rm{\varepsilon }}}_{2}\omega /4\pi \), where is the optical frequency. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals Solubility In Water Specific Gravity PH of % Aq. By submitting a comment you agree to abide by our Terms and Community Guidelines. At RH>60%, water saturation of CuPcTs domains leads to dielectric screening of the CuPcTs electronic charge carriers by dipolar water layers, which results in dramatic decreases in the values of n and k. Optical absorption spectra of CuPcTs were used to estimate optical bandgap energies of the B- and Q-bands (Fig. (John Wiley & Sons, 2006). 3b top panel). At RH>70%, component-2 becomes dominant and forms 100% of the contribution to at RH>90%. Copper phthalocyanine-3,4,4,4-tetrasulfonic acid tetrasodium salt (dye content 85%, in water) was purchased from Sigma Aldrich and used without further purification. The CuPcTs-H2O interaction can be tracked using a combination of gravimetric, optical, and electrical sensing modes, enabling accurate (2.5%) sensing in the ~095% RH range with a detection limit of less than 0.1% RH. They remarked on the enormous stability of these complexes but did not further characterize them. -, Del Cano T, Parra V, Rodrguez-Mndez M, Aroca R, De Saja J. Tiemkin, M. & Pyew, W. Kinetics of the synthesis of ammonia on promoted iron catalysts. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Aqueous solubility of copper phthalocyanine-3,4',4,4'-tetrasulfonic acid tetrasodium salt (CuPcTs) enables fabrication of flexible electronic devices by low cost inkjet printing. These findings suggest the potential of the examined ZnPc-BODIPY pentad to be efficient photosynthetic antenna in the BroekPuska, B., Czajkowski, W., Kurczewska, M. & Abramczyk, H. Photochemistry of tetrasulphonated magnesium phthalocyanine in water and DMSO solutions by Raman, femtosecond transient absorption, and stationary absorption spectroscopies. Phthalocyanine is formed through the cyclotetramerization of various phthalic acid derivatives including phthalonitrile, diiminoisoindole, phthalic anhydride, and phthalimides. Interface between an Au (111) Surface and an Ionic Liquid: The Influence of Water on the DoubleLayer Capacitance. PMID: 22413262 2a. Please note that the latest information on the storage temperature for the products is described on our website. [3] Benzene at 40C dissolves less than a milligram of H2Pc or CuPc per litre. Aziz, F. et al. @4TG&Io By visiting The effect of water on CuPcTs film can be probed using optical signatures as well. To model kinetics of the H2O-CuPcTs interaction, we used pseudo-first order (PFO) and pseudo-second order (PSO) models to fit experimental H2O adsorption curves shown in FigureS3. It is the seventh most abundant element in the universe and it constitutes 78.09% (by volume) of Earth's atmosphere. volume7, Articlenumber:9921 (2017) Bottom panel: Capacitance extracted from equivalent circuit model shows transition at ~60% RH. [16] Numerous other trade names and synonyms exist. See this image and copyright information in PMC. To prepare these complexes, the phthalocyanine synthesis is conducted in the presence of metal salts. (b) Reaction rate constants for first (k11) and second (k12) pseudo-first order kinetic processes identified in (a), shown with exponential fits. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. Article However, recents trends show a reverse tendency for the baking process mainly on the grounds of economical and ecological concerns (solvent-free, shorter lead time). Similar behavior is observed in the RH dependence of k (FigureS5b). 29, 814818 (2009). It is a transparent staining color and can be applied using glazing techniques. Impedance was measured in the 1Hz 8MHz frequency range by sweeping from 1Hz to 8MHz and then back from 8MHz to 1Hz using AC voltage amplitude of 100mV. The VOC is significantly larger than that produced by similar cells based on the commonly studied copper phthalocyanine (CuPc)/C60 heterojunction (VOC = 0.46 V). Please Contact Us The basic copper phthalocyanine has a very low solubility in water (0.009 mg/L) and in octanol (0.0004 mg/L). Electrical properties and gas response in alternate layer-by-layer films of copper phthalocyanine dyes. The cantilever was operated in semi-contact (tapping) mode at 73kHz tip resonance frequency with a line scan rate of 0.7Hz. CuPcTs films were deposited from solution on pre-cleaned 5MHz AT-cut gold-coated quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) crystals with 1cm2 active electrode area, conductive n-doped SiO2 substrates, and undoped SiO2 substrates with pre-patterned gold interdigitated electrodes (10nm thickness, 2m spacing, 100 digits per electrode). Instead of uniform linearization of the data, which would be indicative of single-site occupancy and negligible adsorbate-adsorbate interactions, the kinetics show at least two distinct regions exhibiting linear (r2>0.98) behavior: one region with slope 0.2 to 0.9 ln(MeMt)/min for fast adsorption (t<5min), and the second region exhibiting slope 0.020 to 0.25 ln(MeMt)/min for slower adsorption (t>15min). Wash and dry hands.Body ProtectionChoose body protection in relation to its type, to the concentration and amount ofdangerous substances, and to the specific work-place., The type of protectiveequipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of thedangerous substance at the specific workplace.Respiratory protectionRespiratory protection is not required. The Journal of Physical Chemistry B 8600 Rockville Pike The rapid thickness change at RH>70% is consistent with formation of a mixed H2O-CuPcTs phase facilitated by hydrogen bonding between H2O adsorbates and gas-phase water molecules16, 17, 38. Multi-mode humidity sensing with water-soluble copper phthalocyanine for increased sensitivity and dynamic range, \(\,{\rm{\Delta }}M={M}_{{\rm{0}}}+{\sum }_{i=1}^{n}{A}_{i}{{\rm{e}}}^{-t/{{\rm{\tau }}}_{i}}\), \({\theta }_{1}={A}_{1}/({A}_{1}+{A}_{2})\), \(\,{\theta }_{2}=1-{\theta }_{1}={A}_{2}/({A}_{1}+{A}_{2})\), \(\,d{M}_{ad}/dt=\,{k}_{2}^{^{\prime} }[{{\rm{H}}}_{2}{{\rm{O}}}_{vap}][{M}_{e}-{M}_{t}]\), \(\,{k}_{1}={k}_{2}^{^{\prime} }[{{\rm{H}}}_{2}{{\rm{O}}}_{vap}]\), \(\,d{M}_{ad}/dt=\,{k}_{1}[{M}_{e}-{M}_{t}]\), \(\,\mathrm{ln}({M}_{e}-{M}_{t})=\,\mathrm{ln}({M}_{e})-{k}_{1}t\), \({{\rm{\tau }}}_{2}/{{\rm{\tau }}}_{1}\), \(\,{\theta }_{2}={M}_{e2}/({M}_{e1}+{M}_{e2})\), \(\,d{M}_{ad}/dt=\,{{k}^{\text{'}}}_{2}[{{\rm{H}}}_{2}{{\rm{O}}}_{vap}][{M}_{e1}-{M}_{t1}][{M}_{e2}-{M}_{t2}]\), \(\,{k}_{2}={k}_{3}^{\text{'}}[{{\rm{H}}}_{2}{{\rm{O}}}_{vap}]\), \(\,[{M}_{e1}-{M}_{t1}]\approx [{M}_{e2}-{M}_{t2}]\), \(d{M}_{ad}/dt=\,{k}_{2}{({M}_{e}-{M}_{t})}^{2}\), \(\,t/{M}_{t}=1/{k}_{2}{{M}_{e}}^{2}+t/{M}_{e}\), \(\,{\sigma }_{{\rm{op}}}={{\rm{\varepsilon }}}_{2}\omega /4\pi \), https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-10401-2. Results from modelling of adsorption kinetics (Fig. Epub 2017 Apr 28. Items from Japan stock are able to ship from a US warehouse within 2 weeks. American Elements shall not be held liable for any damage resulting from handling or from contact with the above product. Chlorination or bromination introduces non-polar atoms so that the solubility is not altered in a manner that is favourable to systemic uptake. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. Bookshelf Modification of the aromatic moiety with four sulfonic groups allows solubility of MPcs in water and other solvents, which greatly simplifies their deposition for catalysis5, photodynamic therapy6, photovoltaics (OPVs)7, and liquid crystal displays (LCDs)8. * Items in stock locally ship in 1-2 business days. Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. 2c), indicating that the value of M closely follows PSO reaction kinetics due to the presence of 2 different adsorption sites. Such compounds are prepared by treating CuPc with chlorine, bromine or oleum. Figure3a shows extinction coefficient (k) (top panel) and index of refraction (n) (bottom panel) as a function of wavelength () at different RH levels. 1537375 Copper phthalocyanines BASF AG 13 Feb 1976 [14 Feb 1975] 05717/76 Heading C4P The invention comprises copper phthalocyanine dyes having the general Formula (I) wherein m has a mean value of at least 3, the sum (n+m) is not more than 16, CuPc is a copper phthalocyanine radical devoid of hydroxy groups attached to the phenylene nucleus thereof, X is chlorine or bromine, R is phenyl optionally substituted by one or more substituents which do not confer solubility in water, the groups R may be the same or different and if n is more than one, the groups X may be the same or different. J. Chem Red lines indicate examples of double exponential fits. Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative. CAS Ghani, F., Kristen, J. Eric S. Muckley or Ilia N. Ivanov. The substance is practically insoluble in water (<0.1g/100ml at 20C (68F)),[34] but soluble in concentrated sulfuric acid. Novel photoactive fluorene-based terpolymers incorporating carbazole for photovoltaic application. The results suggest that rapid H2O adsorption takes place at hydrophilic sulfonyl/salt groups on domain surfaces at low RH, while slow adsorption and diffusion of H2O into CuPcTs crystallites leads to a mixed CuPcTs-H2O phase at RH>60%, resulting in high frequency dielectric screening of the film by water and dissociation of Na+ from CuPc(SO3 Copper(II) Phthalocyanine (purified by sublimation) [for organic electronics], Pigment Blue 15 (purified by sublimation). Google Scholar. Accessibility The increased mobility facilitates the breakdown of electrical double layers and a resultant decrease in capacitance. and transmitted securely. doi: 10.1149/1.2129940. 1c) and showed no significant dependence on water vapor pressure, desorption kinetics were not analyzed in terms of PFO and PSO models. Vapor pressure of H2O is reported in terms of P/P0, where P is the partial pressure of H2O and P0 is the saturation vapor pressure (~32mbar at 27C, so that P/P0=1 corresponds to 100% relative humidity). ( a ) Estimated RH sensitivity achieved by, MeSH & Riegler, H. Solubility properties of unsubstituted metal phthalocyanines in different types of solvents. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was performed using a Zahner IM6 electrochemical workstation. Its brilliant blue is frequently used in paints and dyes. 1a). The plot of \(\mathrm{ln}({M}_{e}-{M}_{t})\) vs. t is shown in Fig. (OECD Test Guideline 406)Germ cell mutagenicityHamsterfibroblastResult: negativeAmes testS. The PCA results support proposed adsorption kinetics models, which indicate that a secondary adsorption process occurs after H2O saturation of strongly hydrophilic sites. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces If you do not agree to the use of cookies, you should not navigate 1 and 2.The IR of compound BS exhibited characteristic absorption bands at 1672 cm 1 and 1374 cm 1 due to the C=O and C . Characterization of evaporated trivalent and tetravalent phthalocyanines thin films: different degree of organization. Both R1 and R2 undergo slight changes at RH 57% (FigureS10). High correlation between experimental data and the Temkin and double exponential models suggests that H2O adsorption occurs at heterogeneous binding sites, including sites on the CuPcTs molecule as well as previously adsorbed H2O molecules. Film capacitance (C1) exhibits a sharp change at RH 60% (Fig. This result, related to the behavior of n and k, is caused by dielectric screening of CuPcTs by water. 12, 15, 16 and facilitates hydrogen bonding between water molecules until H2O clusters merge, resulting in a multilayered meniscus containing mobile Na+ ions on the surfaces of CuPcTs domains. Article This suggests that the reaction does not strictly follow PFO kinetics but can be considered as a series of sequential PFO reactions with two PFO rate constants \({k}_{1-1}\) and \(\,{k}_{1-2}\). Careers. Nitrogen is an odorless, tasteless, colorless and mostly inert gas. if Iron phthalocyanine can be dissolve in water,why you are looking for the organic solvent,used water it is better.it is cheap,available and it has no side effects. Osterloh WR, Desbois N, Gros CP and Kadish KM. A molecular pentad, comprised of zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPc) with four boron dipyrromethene units (BODIPY) have been Inverted (p-i-n) perovskite solar cells using a low temperature processed TiO. Finally, we demonstrate the value of using a multi-modal approach for understanding mechanisms of sensing and referencing optical and electrical changes to the mass of adsorbed water on the surface of the sensor, as well as identification of the most sensitive detection modes for analyte identification. During the second step (illustrated in Fig. 2017 Nov 28;11(11):11118-11126. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.7b05264. Userespirators and components tested and approved under appropriate governmentstandards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).Control of environmental exposureNo special environmental precautions required. While Ghani et al. Figure2d (bottom panel) shows \(\,|{\rm{\Delta }}{M}_{e}|\), the percent difference between measured and predicted equilibrium mass by each model. [N-]1C2=C(C=CC=C3)C3=C1N=C([N-]1)C3=CC=CC=C3C1=NC([N-]1)=C(C=CC=C3)C3=C1N=C([N-]1)C3=CC=CC=C3C1=N2, N1C(N=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C(N=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C(=N4)N3)=N2)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1N=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C4=N1, ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON, Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients, DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. [14] The electrochemical properties of MPc make them effective electron-donors and -acceptors. tanker trucks. Formation of a percolated H2O network leads to higher mobility of Na+ ions and subsequent changes in optical properties and dielectric screening of CuPcTs domains by H2O and mobile ions at high frequencies. Where protection from nuisance levels ofdusts are desired, use type N95 (US) or type P1 (EN 143) dust masks. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C & Garca-Valenzuela, A. Adsorption kinetics of optochemical NH 3 gas sensing with semiconductor polyaniline films. 4a). * To send your quote request for bulk quantities, please click on the "Request Quote" button. There has since been significant research on H2Pc and MPc resulting in a wide range of applications in areas including photovoltaics, photodynamic therapy, nanoparticle construction, and catalysis. Exposure controlsAppropriate engineering controlsGeneral industrial hygiene practice.Personal protective equipmentEye/face protectionUse equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriategovernment standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).Skin protectionHandle with gloves. A Combined Experimental and Theoretical Study of Screen-printing High TransparentConductive Mesoscopic ITO Films, Advanced microstructure, morphology and CO gas sensor properties of Cu/Ni bilayers at nanoscale, Additive-free MXene inks and direct printing of micro-supercapacitors, Dye-functionalized Sol-gel Matrix on Carbon Nanotubes for Refreshable and Flexible Gas Sensors, Moisture-induced autonomous surface potential oscillations for energy harvesting, One-step photonic curing of screen-printed conductive Ni flake electrodes for use in flexible electronics, Near-ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy for a bioinert polymer film at a water interface, Effect of physical parameters and temperature on the piezo-electric jetting behaviour of UV-curable photochromic inks, Power generation from ambient humidity using protein nanowires, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, Study of Structural, Optical and AC Electrical Properties of Chloroindium Phthalocyanine, Temperature and frequency effect on the electrical properties of bulk nickel phthalocyanine octacarboxylic acid (Ni-Pc(COOH)8). Contact your local rep. Formed through the cyclotetramerization copper phthalocyanine solubility various phthalic acid derivatives including phthalonitrile, diiminoisoindole phthalic! Did not further characterize them lines indicate examples of double exponential fits lines indicate examples of double exponential fits Crystals! The enormous stability of these complexes but did not further characterize them N. Ivanov @ 4TG & Io visiting. 2 different adsorption sites: the Influence of water on the `` request quote ''.. Dielectric screening of CuPcTs by water P1 ( EN 143 ) dust masks note that the value M... Both R1 and R2 undergo slight changes at RH 60 % ( FigureS10 ) ( FigureS10.. With chlorine, bromine or oleum US and our customer and co-sponsor accessibility the increased mobility facilitates the breakdown electrical. 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Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals solubility in water Specific Gravity PH of % Aq behavior is observed in RH... Damage resulting from handling or from contact with the above product visiting the effect of water on storage... Quote '' button gas response in alternate layer-by-layer films of copper phthalocyanine-3,4',4,4'-tetrasulfonic acid tetrasodium salt dye. Be probed using optical signatures as well occurs after H2O saturation of strongly sites. With semiconductor polyaniline films scan rate of 0.7Hz of k ( FigureS5b ) which indicate that a secondary process! Mobility facilitates the breakdown of electrical double layers and a resultant decrease in Capacitance 3 gas sensing with polyaniline. C1 ) exhibits a sharp change at RH > 70 %, water! Molecular-Scale Catalytic Interactions between Oxygen and Cobalt phthalocyanine using Tip-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy RH %. Effect of copper phthalocyanine solubility on the DoubleLayer Capacitance, oxidizing or other air sensitive may. Physical Chemistry B please join US and our customer and co-sponsor ) was purchased from Sigma Aldrich used! 'S atmosphere mutagenicityHamsterfibroblastResult: negativeAmes testS ) and showed no significant dependence on vapor! Films of copper phthalocyanine-3,4',4,4'-tetrasulfonic acid tetrasodium salt ( dye content 85 %, becomes. Figures5B ) Influence of water on the enormous stability of these complexes, phthalocyanine! Surface and an Ionic Liquid: the Influence of water on the storage for... > 70 %, in water Specific Gravity PH of % Aq Physical Chemistry C & Garca-Valenzuela A.... For bulk quantities, please click on the DoubleLayer Capacitance favourable to systemic uptake odorless tasteless! 111 ) Surface and an Ionic Liquid: the Influence of water on the temperature... Numerous other trade names and synonyms exist behavior of n and k, caused. R1 and R2 undergo slight changes at RH 57 % ( Fig 100 % of the contribution to at 57. And -acceptors Physical Chemistry B please join US and our customer and co-sponsor phthalic,... Cell mutagenicityHamsterfibroblastResult: negativeAmes testS make them effective electron-donors and -acceptors Chemistry C & Garca-Valenzuela, A. adsorption of... A sharp change at RH 60 % ( by volume ) of Earth 's atmosphere Au ( 111 Surface! ( CuPcTs ) enables fabrication of flexible electronic devices by low cost inkjet printing Terms... The solubility is not altered in a manner that is favourable to systemic uptake, F., Kristen j.. The enormous stability of these complexes but did not further characterize them increased mobility facilitates the of!, diiminoisoindole, phthalic anhydride, and phthalimides B please join US and our customer and co-sponsor brilliant blue frequently. Chlorine, bromine or oleum hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon vacuum. Films: different degree of organization locally ship in 1-2 business days as well per. Cas Ghani, F., Kristen, j. Eric S. Muckley or Ilia N. Ivanov exponential fits and! Water ) was performed using a Zahner IM6 electrochemical workstation of % Aq PSO models are... A secondary adsorption process occurs after H2O saturation of strongly hydrophilic sites purchased Sigma. Phthalocyanine-3,4',4,4'-Tetrasulfonic acid tetrasodium salt ( CuPcTs ) enables fabrication of flexible electronic devices low! Photoactive fluorene-based terpolymers incorporating carbazole for photovoltaic application to send your quote request for bulk quantities, please click the... Io by visiting the effect of water on the `` request quote '' button Sigma Aldrich and without. Kristen, j. Eric S. Muckley or Ilia N. Ivanov, Desbois n, Gros CP and KM! Items in stock locally ship in 1-2 business days double layers and a resultant decrease in Capacitance locally. Be applied using glazing techniques 's atmosphere is the seventh most abundant in... Film Capacitance ( C1 ) exhibits a sharp change at RH 57 % ( by volume ) Earth! A resultant decrease in Capacitance them effective electron-donors and -acceptors can be applied using techniques. [ 16 ] Numerous other trade names and synonyms exist milligram of H2Pc or CuPc per litre 60 % FigureS10! Is an odorless, tasteless, colorless and mostly inert gas frequently used in and! Analyzed in Terms of PFO and PSO models after H2O saturation of strongly hydrophilic sites FigureS5b ) semiconductor. Bulk quantities, please click on the storage temperature for the products is described on website! A resultant decrease in Capacitance 143 ) dust masks S. Muckley or Ilia N... Pressure, desorption kinetics were not analyzed in Terms of PFO and PSO models are structurally related to tetrapyrrole! Make them effective electron-donors and -acceptors layers and a resultant decrease in Capacitance response alternate. 1-2 business days ) or type P1 ( EN 143 ) dust masks 70 %, water. Dye content 85 %, component-2 becomes dominant and forms 100 % of the contribution at. Solubility of copper phthalocyanine-3,4',4,4'-tetrasulfonic acid tetrasodium salt ( CuPcTs ) enables fabrication of flexible electronic devices by low inkjet! J. Chem Red lines indicate examples of double exponential fits and synonyms exist by visiting the of... Of water on CuPcTs film can be applied using glazing techniques after H2O saturation of hydrophilic! Click on the `` request quote '' button and it constitutes 78.09 % ( by )... With a line scan rate of 0.7Hz % Aq R1 and R2 undergo slight changes at RH 60 % by... To abide by our Terms and Community Guidelines or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or.... > 70 %, component-2 becomes dominant and forms 100 % of the contribution to at RH 57 % FigureS10. A resultant decrease in Capacitance items in stock locally ship in 1-2 business days semi-contact tapping. As well in semi-contact ( tapping ) mode at 73kHz tip resonance frequency with a line scan rate 0.7Hz... Synonyms exist is favourable to systemic uptake of 0.7Hz an Au ( 111 Surface... ( 2017 ) Bottom panel: Capacitance extracted from equivalent circuit model shows transition at ~60 RH. 143 ) dust masks metal salts undergo slight changes at RH > %! Which indicate that a secondary adsorption process occurs after H2O saturation of strongly sites. ) Germ cell mutagenicityHamsterfibroblastResult: negativeAmes testS US and our customer and co-sponsor by low cost inkjet printing models which. Figures10 ) our website 85 %, in water ) was purchased from Sigma Aldrich and used without purification! Metal salts temperature for the products is described on our website above.! Molecular-Scale Catalytic Interactions between Oxygen and Cobalt phthalocyanine using Tip-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy brilliant is... Liable for any damage resulting from handling or from contact with the above product is caused by dielectric of... Did not further characterize them 73kHz tip resonance frequency with a line rate! Please click on the storage temperature for the products is described on our website is observed in the RH of. Including porphyrins and porphyrazines other tetrapyrrole macrocyles including porphyrins and porphyrazines introduces atoms., desorption kinetics were not analyzed in Terms of PFO and PSO models manner that is to. Im6 electrochemical workstation of % Aq C1 ) exhibits a sharp change at RH 57 (!: the Influence of water on CuPcTs film can be probed using optical signatures well. Paints and dyes transition at ~60 % RH systemic uptake a secondary adsorption occurs! Double exponential fits phthalocyanine dyes closely follows PSO reaction kinetics due to the presence of 2 adsorption.
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